Topline Funding
| House Authorized | Senate Authorized | |
| Total Funding | $740.5 billion (includes $0.5 billion in defense related activities) | $740.5 billion |
| DoD Base Funding | $635.5 billion | $636.4 billion |
| DoE Base Funding | $26.6 billion | $25.9 billion |
| Overseas Contingency Operations (OCO) Funding | $69 billion | $69 billion |
| Defense Funding Outside of Armed Services Jurisdiction | $8.9 billion | $9.1 billion |
Nuclear and Related Weapons Programs
Ohio Replacement Strategic Submarine (Columbia Class)
House: $4.3 billion, the requested level
Senate: $4.5 billion, an increase of $175 million
Ground Based Strategic Deterrent (ICBM Replacement)
House: No similar provision
Senate: Authorizes the Air Force to carry out military construction projects to convert Minuteman III launch facilities and launch centers to ground-based strategic deterrent configurations (Section 2802 and 7802)
Deployed Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles
House: No similar provision
Senate: Bars reducing number of deployed ICBMs below 400 (Section 1654)
Explosive Nuclear Testing
House: Prohibits the use of funds for new explosive nuclear testing in FY21 (Section 3121)
Senate: Authorizes $10 million for preparations for resuming explosive nuclear testing (Section 3166)
Low-Enriched Uranium
House: Requires a program to assess the viability of using low-enriched uranium in naval nuclear propulsion reactors on aircraft carriers and submarines (Section 3116)
Senate: Bars research and development of an advanced naval nuclear fuel system based on low-enriched uranium until certain certifications (Section 3154)
Cooperative Threat Reduction Account
House: $373.7 million, an increase of $135 million
Senate: $288.5 million, an increase of $50,000
Plutonium Pit Production
House: Requires a certification by the Secretary of Energy about his confidence that the Department of Energy can produce 80 plutonium pits per year (Section 3115)
Senate: Requires the Comptroller General to periodically review the NNSA’s plutonium modernization plans (Report page 536)
Nuclear Weapons Council (NWC) Involvement with the NNSA Budget
House: No similar provision
Senate: Ensures the Secretary of Energy retains final authority over the Department of Energy’s budget request and promotes transparency by attaching the NWC’s recommendation for the NNSA’s budget as an appendix to the final budget request submitted by the Secretary of Energy (Section 1652)
Nonproliferation Safeguards
House: Prevents funds from being spent on the production of a Nonproliferation Assessment Statement with a country that has not signed an Additional Protocol agreement with the International Atomic Energy Agency (Section 1299H)
Senate: No similar provision
Open Skies Treaty
House: Expresses the sense of Congress that the decision to withdraw from the Treaty on Open Skies did not comply the FY20 NDAA (Section 1237) and requires a report a report on the effects of a potential withdrawal of the United States from the Open Skies Treaty (Section 1234)
Senate: No similar provision
Downwinders
House: Sense of Congress that the government should apologize for the fallout emitted from atmospheric nuclear explosive tests conducted at the Nevada Test Site, at sites in the Pacific Ocean, New Mexico, Alaska and elsewhere and that those who suffered from the effects of uranium mining and nuclear testing should be compensated (Section 3119 and 3120)
Senate: No similar provision
Presidential Participation in Nuclear Exercises
House: Requires the President to participate in at least one large-scale nuclear command and control exercise within the first year of assuming office, per term (Section 1642)
Senate: No similar provision
Independent Studies on Nuclear Weapons Programs of Certain Foreign States
House: Requires a federally funded research and development center to produce an open source analysis of Russian, Chinese and North Korean nuclear programs (Section 1643)
Senate: No similar provision
Report on Iranian Activities Relating to Nuclear Nonproliferation
House: No similar provision
Senate: Requires a report from the Director of National Intelligence on nuclear weapons research and development by Iran and efforts to deny international access to Iran’s nuclear facilities agreements (Section 9510)
Arms Control Reports
House: Fences off funding in order to obtain reports on New START and the post-INF landscape which are past due (Section 1674)
Senate: No similar provision
Independent Study on the Effects of the Use of Nuclear Weapons
House: Tasks the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine to conduct a study of the atmospheric effects of nuclear explosions (Section 3117)
Senate: No similar provision
Missile Defense Programs
THAAD
House: $601 million, an increase of $106 million
Senate: $951.5 million, an increase of $456.1 million
Ballistic Missile Defense Midcourse Defense
House: $919.3, a decrease of $85 million
Senate: $1.0 billion, the requested level
Next Generation Interceptor (Homeland Defense Interceptors)
House: $414.1 million, a decrease of $250 million
Senate: $354.1 million, a decrease of $310 million
Select Conventional Programs
Joint Strike Fighter (F-35)
House: 79 aircraft, the requested level
Senate: 95 aircraft, an increase of 16 aircraft
Virginia Class Submarine
House: $6.8 billion, an increase of $2.6 billion (full funding for one additional submarine)
Senate: $4.6 billion, an increase of $397 million (partial advance procurement funds for one additional submarine)
Afghanistan Security Forces Fund
House: $3.5 billion, a reduction of $500 million
Senate: $4.0 billion, the requested level
Pacific Initiative
House: Authorizes $3.6 billion in FY21 for the Indo-Pacific Reassurance Initiative (Section 1241)
Senate: Authorizes $1.4 billion in FY21 and $5.5 billion for FY22 for the Pacific Deterrence Initiative (Section 1251)
Active Duty End-Strength
| Request | House (Section 401) | Senate (Section 401) | |
| Army | 485,900 | 485,900 | 485,000 |
| Navy | 347,800 | 347,800 | 346,730 |
| Marines | 184,100 | 184,100 | 180,000 |
| Air Force | 333,700 | 327,266 | 333,475 |
Other Programs and Reports of Interest
Pandemic Preparedness and Resilience National Security Fund
House: $1 billion
Senate: No similar provision
Base Closures
House: No similar provision
Senate: Prohibits conducting additional base realignment and closure (BRAC) round (Section 2702)
Confederate Symbols
House: Requires within one year the removal of confederate names from military bases and installations (Section 2829) and prohibits the display of confederate flags at military installations (Section 1749)
Senate: Establishes a commission to rename or remove all names, symbols, displays, monuments, and paraphernalia that honor or commemorate the Confederate States of America from Department of Defense assets within three years (Section 377)
First Amendment Rights
House: No similar provision
Senate: Prohibit actions that infringe upon First Amendment rights of peaceable assembly (Section 1044)
U.S. Troops in Germany
House: Limits the ability of the President to withdraw U.S. troops from Germany (Section 1241)
Senate: No similar provision
U.S. Troops in South Korea
House: Bars reduction of U.S. troops in South Korea below 28,500 (Section 1252)
Senate: Bars reduction of U.S. troops in South Korea below 28,500 (Section 1260)
U.S. Troops in Afghanistan
House: Places limits on the reduction of troops from Afghanistan below two separate troop levels, 8,000 and 4,000 (Section 1213)
Senate: Sense of the Senate that any decision to withdraw U.S. Armed Forces from Afghanistan should be done in response to conditions on the ground, and in coordination with Afghanistan and U.S. allies and partners rather than arbitrary timelines (Section 1215)
Yemen
House: Bars logistical support for airstrikes by the Saudi-led coalition against the Houthis in Yemen (Section 1272)
Senate: No similar provision
Russia
House: Bars recognizing Russian sovereignty over Crimea (Section 1231) and limits U.S. Russian military cooperation (Section 1232)
Senate: Expresses the sense of the Senate that long-term strategic competition with Russia is a top defense priority that requires sustained investment and enhanced deterrence due to the level of threat posed (Section 1238)
Sources
Text of House-passed bill (H.R. 6395)
Text of Senate-passed bill (S. 4049)
Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation full summary of House bill
Center for Arms Control and Non-Proliferation full summary of Senate bill
