France began its nuclear weapons program in the early 1950s in an effort to restore political and military parity with their perceived peers and potential adversaries. In the wake of the United Kingdom and Russia acquiring nuclear capabilities, France moved quickly and produced its first plutonium bomb on July 1, 1963. The size, structure and doctrine […]
France
Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR)
The Missile Technology Control Regime (MTCR) is an intergovernmental organization whose members implement voluntary export controls on missiles capable of delivering nuclear, chemical or biological weapons, as well as related technology. As of February 2017, 35 nations are members of the MTCR. Objective The MTCR was founded in 1987 by Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United […]
A quick guide to the JCPOA Dispute Resolution Mechanism
By Samuel Hickey, Research Analyst On January 14, 2020, the E3 (France, Germany and the United Kingdom) together triggered the dispute resolution mechanism (DRM) enshrined in the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), better known as the Iran nuclear deal. The E3 have been threatening this action for months and the E3 countries are […]
Op-ed: Abandoning Open Skies: Trump Would Be Squandering More of Our Security Inheritance
Senior Policy Director Alexandra Bell and FCNL’s Anthony Wier co-wrote an op-ed in Just Security about the importance of remaining in the Open Skies Treaty. Last December, 25 Americans, along with counterparts from Canada, Germany, France, Romania, and the United Kingdom, joined Ukrainians on an urgent mission to help them defend their nation. A few days […]
Trump’s Withdrawal From the Open Skies Treaty Jeopardizes US National Security
Senior Policy Director Alexandra Bell was quoted in The Nation about the Open Skies Treaty. Arms control expert Alexandra Bell, who worked on the Open Skies Treaty and served as the senior adviser in the Office of the Under Secretary of State for Arms Control and International Security, told me that it is not even […]
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