Updated May 2025 India and Pakistan, which both lay claim to the Kashmir region, are nuclear powers with developed arsenals. India has approximately 150 nuclear warheads, and has land-based, sea-based and air-launch nuclear capabilities. The state had declared a No First Use policy, which means they have vowed to never use nuclear weapons first in […]
Fact Sheet: Pakistan’s Nuclear Inventory
Updated June 2025 Pakistan tested its first nuclear weapon in 1998, becoming the world’s 7th state to officially test a nuclear weapon. The exact yields of the weapons in the country’s current arsenal are not known, but general estimates are between 5-12 kilotons (kt) for most weapons, with some longer-range ballistic missiles possibly reaching 40 kt. […]
New Language in the 2019 report on “Adherence to and Compliance with Arms Control, Nonproliferation, and Disarmament Agreements and Commitments.”
This is a selection of major new content found in the 2019 Compliance Report versus the 2018 Compliance Report. This document is prepared by the U.S. Department of State annually as, “a report providing a detailed assessment of the adherence of the United States and other nations to obligations undertaken in all arms control, nonproliferation, […]
Added Ambiguity Over India’s No First Use Policy is Cause for Concern
By Abigail Stowe-Thurston, Program Coordinator Indian Defense Minister Rajnath Singh made comments last week that seem to draw the credibility of India’s nuclear No First Use policy into question. He said, “What happens in the future depends on the circumstances.” The statement comes amid rising tensions between India and Pakistan. In February, Pakistan-based terrorist group […]
